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• Fusion Technology Institute
• Department of Engineering Physics
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439 Engineering Research Building

1500 Engineering Drive

University of Wisconsin-Madison

Madison, WI 53706

Publications

Peer Reviewed Papers

Other Papers

Reports

Presentations

Posters

PhD & MS Theses

Helium-3: Fusion and Resources Papers

Peer Reviewed Papers

• D. R. Boris, Z. Ma, H. Yuan, R. P. Ashley, J. F. Santarius, G. L. Kulcinski, C. Dickerson, T. Allen, "Direct Conversion of High Energy Protons to Electricity Using a Solid-State Pin Junction Diode", Fusion Science & Technology 52 (4), 2007.
• R. F. Radel, G. L. Kulcinski, R. P. Ashley, J. F. Santarius, G. A. Emmert, G. R. Piefer, J. H. Sorebo, D. R. Boris, B. Egle, S. J. Zenobia, E. Alderson, D.C. Donovan, "Detection of Highly Enriched Uranium Using a Pulsed D-D Source", Fusion Science & Technology 52 (4), 2007
• B. Egle, J. F. Santarius, G. L. Kulcinski, "Comparison of Spherical and Cylindrical Cathode Geometries in Inertial Electrostatic Confinement Devices", Fusion Science & Technology 52 (4), 2007
• S. Krupakar Murali, B.B. Cipiti, J.F. Santarius, and G.L. Kulcinski, “Study of Fusion Regimes in an Inertial Electrostatic Confinement Device Using the New Eclipse Disk Diagnostic,” Physics of Plasmas 13, 053111 (2006).
• Effects of High Temperature Pulsed Helium Implantation on Tungsten Surface Morphology; R. Radel, G.L. Kulcinski, Nuclear Science & Technology 52 (3). October 2007.
• Implantation of He⁺ in candidate fusion first wall materials; R.F. Radel and G.L. Kulcinski, Fusion Reactor Materials XII, December, 2005.
• Overview of University of Wisconsin Inertial-Electrostatic Confinement Fusion Research; J.F. Santarius, G.L. Kulcinski, R.P. Ashley, D.R. Boris, B.B. Cipiti, S. Krupakar Murali, G.R. Piefer, R.F. Radel, T.E. Uchytil, and A.L. Wehmeyer, Fusion Science and Technology 47 (4), May 2005, pp. 1238-1244]

• B.B. Cipiti and G.L. Kulcinski, "The Production of 13N Using Beam-Target D-3He Fusion Reactions," September 2004 [presented at the 16th ANS Topical Meeting on Fusion Energy, 14-16 September 2004, Madison WI] (see also UWFDM-1246).

• R.F. Radel, B.B. Cipiti, G.L. Kulcinski, R.P. Ashley, and J.F. Santarius, "Implantation of D and He in W-Coated Refractory Carbides," September 2004 [presented at the 16th ANS Topical Meeting on Fusion Energy, 14-16 September 2004, Madison WI] (see also UWFDM-1246).

•  A.L. Wehmeyer, R.F. Radel, and G.L. Kulcinski, "Optimizing Neutron Production Rates from D-D Fusion in an Inertial Electrostatic Confinement Device," September 2004 [presented at the 16th ANS Topical Meeting on Fusion Energy, 14-16 September 2004, Madison WI] (see also UWFDM-1249).

• J.F. Santarius, G.L. Kulcinski, R.P. Ashley, D.R. Boris, B.B. Cipiti, S. Krupakar Murali, G.R. Piefer, R.F. Radel, T.E. Uchytil, and A.L. Wehmeyer, "Overview of University of Wisconsin Inertial-Electrostatic Confinement Fusion Research," September 2004 [presented at the 16th ANS Topical Meeting on Fusion Energy, 14-16 September 2004, Madison WI] (see also UWFDM-1254).

• G.R. Piefer, J.F. Santarius, R.P. Ashley, G.L. Kulcinski, "Design of an Ion Source for 3He Fusion in a Low Pressure IEC Device," September 2004 [presented at the 16th ANS Topical Meeting on Fusion Energy, 14-16 September 2004, Madison WI] (see also UWFDM-1255).

• G.L. Kulcinski, J.W. Weidner, B.B. Cipiti, R.P. Ashley, J.F. Santarius, S.K. Murali, G.R. Piefer, and R.F. Radel, “Alternate Applications of Fusion - Production of Radioisotopes,” Fusion Science and Technology, Vol. 44, p. 559 (2003), (See also UWFDM-1216)

• R.P. Ashley, G.L. Kulcinski, J.F. Santarius, S. Krupakar Murali, G.R. Piefer, B.B. Cipiti, R.F. Radel, and J.W. Weidner, “Recent Progress in Steady State Fusion Using D-3He,” Fusion Science and Technology, Vol. 44, p. 564 (2003), (See also UWFDM-1218).

• J.W. Weidner, G.L. Kulcinski, J.F. Santarius, R.P. Ashley, G. Piefer, B. Cipiti, R. Radel, and S.K. Murali, “Production of 13N via Inertial Electrostatic Confinement Fusion,” Fusion Science and Technology, Vol. 44, p. 539 (2003), (see also UWFDM-1201).

• B.B. Cipiti and G.L. Kulcinski, “Embedded D-3He Fusion Reactions and Medical Isotope Production in an Inertial Electrostatic Confinement Device,” Fusion Science and Technology, Vol. 44, p. 534 (2003), (see also UWFDM-1202).

• R.P. Ashley, G.L. Kulcinski, J.F. Santarius, S. Krupakar Murali, G. Piefer, and R. Radel, “Steady State D3He Proton Production in an IEC Fusion Device,” Fusion Technology, Vol. 39, p. 546 (2001), (see also UWFDM-1144).

• R.P. Ashley, G.L. Kulcinski, J.F. Santarius, S. Krupakar Murali, G. Piefer, “D-3He Fusion in an Inertial Electrostatic Confinement Device,” IEEE Publication 99CH37050, pg. 35-37, 18th Symposium on Fusion Engineering, October 1999. Reviewed conference.

• G.L. Kulcinski and J.F. Santarius, “Reducing the Barriers to Fusion Electric Power,” Journal of Fusion Energy, 17(1), 17 (Jan. 1998), (see also UWFDM-1055).

• G. L. Kulcinski, J. F. Santarius, and H. Y. Khater, “Overview of Neutron/Proton Source Applications from IEC Fusion Devices,” Trans. Am. Nuclear Society, Vol. 77, p.507 (1997).

• G. L. Kulcinski, “Near Term Commercial Opportunities from Long Range Fusion Research”, Fusion Technology, 30(3), 411 (1996), (see also UWFDM-1025)

Other Papers

•  G.L. Kulcinski, R.P. Ashley, J.F. Santarius, G. Piefer, and S. Krupakar Murali, “Early Uses for ³He and a Development Path to a D³He Power Plant,” p. 389 in Exploration and Utilization of the Moon, Report Number SP-462, published by the European Space Agency, Noordwijk, The Netherlands (2001).

• G.L. Kulcinski, R.P. Ashley, J.F. Santarius, G. Piefer, and S. Krupakar Murali, “The Development of Lunar ³He Resources: Near Term Applications and Long Term Prospects,” p. 161 in Exploration and Utilization of the Moon, Report Number SP-462, published by the European Space Agency, Noordwijk, The Netherlands (2001), (see also UWFDM-1128).

• G. L. Kulcinski, “Near Term Applications from IEC Devices,” Conference on Physics of Spherically Convergent Ion Flow (SCIF) Systems, Santa Fe, NM, Jan. 1995.

Reports

• S. Krupakar Murali, "Inertial Electrostatic Confinement Reactor based Fusion Ash Impact Propulsion System," Fusion Technology Institute, University of Wisconsin, Madison, 2001

Presentations

• Response of Tungsten to High Temperature Implantation of D+ and He+; R.F. Radel and G.L. Kulcinski, March 2005 [presented at the High Average Power Laser Program Workshop, 3-4 March 2005, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC]

• Preliminary Results for Steady State Implantation of He+ and D+ in Carbon Velvet and W – Coated Carbon Velvet; S. J. Zenobia, G.L. Kulcinski, T. Knowles, R.F. Radel, D.R. Boris, C. Seyfert, D. Donovan, A Creuziger, J. Nacker [presented at HAPL meeting, 12-13 December 2006, PPPL Princeton NJ]

• Detection of HEU Using a Pulsed D-D Fusion Source; R. Radel, G. Kulcinski, R. Ashley, J. Santarius, G. Piefer, D. Boris, B. Egle, C. Seyfert, S. Zenobia, E. Alderson, D. Donovan, November 2006 [presented at the 17th ANS Topical Meeting on Fusion Energy, 13-15 November 2006, Albuquerque NM]

• Comparison of Spherical and Cylindrical Geometries in Inertial Electrostatic Confinement Devices; B.J. Egle, J.F. Santarius, G.L. Kulcinski, November 2006 [presented at the 17th ANS Topical Meeting on Fusion Energy, 13-15 November 2006, Albuquerque NM]

• Effects of High Temperature Pulsed Helium Implantation on Tungsten Surface Morphology; R.F. Radel and G.L. Kulcinski, November 2006 [presented at the 17th ANS Topical Meeting on Fusion Energy, 13-15 November 2006, Albuquerque NM]

• Surface Effects of Steady State He+ Implantation in CVD Silicon Carbide; S.J. Zenobia, G.L. Kulcinski, R.F. Radel, August 2006 [presented at the High Average Power Laser Program Workshop, 8-9 August 2006, General Atomics, San Diego CA]

• Plasma Characteristics of the Ion Source Region in the University of Wisconsin Inertial Electrostatic Confinement Fusion Device; D.R. Boris and G.A. Emmert, October 2006 [presented at the APS-DPP Meeting, 30 October-3 November 2006, Philadelphia PA].

• Development of an Experimental Method to Investigate 3He-3He Fusion with Inertial Electrostatic Confinement Techniques; G.R. Piefer, J.F. Santarius, G.A. Emmert, R.P. Ashley, G.L. Kulcinski, October 2006 [presented at the APS-DPP Meeting, 30 October-3 November 2006, Philadelphia PA]

• Direct Conversion of High Energy Protons Using a Solid State PIN Junction Diode; David R. Boris, Zhenqiang Ma, Hao-Chih Yuan, Robert P. Ashley, John F. Santarius, Gerald L. Kulcinski, Clayton Dickerson, Todd Allen, November 2006 [presented at the 17th ANS Topical Meeting on Fusion Energy, 13-15 November 2006, Albuquerque NM]

• Effects of He+ Implantation on CVD SiC Surface Morphology; S.J. Zenobia, G.L. Kulcinski, R.F. Radel, R.P. Ashley, D.R. Boris, November 2006 [presented at the 17th ANS Topical Meeting on Fusion Energy, 13-15 November 2006, Albuquerque NM]

• Effects of High Temperature Pulsed Helium Implantation on Tungsten Surface Morphology; R.F. Radel and G.L. Kulcinski, November 2006 [presented at the 17th ANS Topical Meeting on Fusion Energy, 13-15 November 2006, Albuquerque NM]

• Implantation of D+ and He+ in Candidate Fusion First Wall Materials; R.F. Radel and G.L. Kulcinski, December 2005 [presented at the Twelfth International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials, 4-9 December 2005, Santa Barbara CA].

• R.F. Radel and G.L. Kulcinski, "Implantation of D+ and He+ in W-Coated Refractory Carbides," October 2004 [presented at the High Average Power Laser Program Workshop, 27-28 October 2004, Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton NJ].

• B.B. Cipiti, R.F. Radel, G.L. Kulcinski, "Progress in Analyzing HAPL Tungsten Candidate First Wall Materials," June 2004 [High Average Power Laser Program Workshop, 2-3 June 2004, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles CA].

• J.F. Santarius and G.L. Kulcinski, "D-3He Physics and Fusion Energy Prospects," May 2004 [Innovative Confinement Concepts Workshop, Madison, Wisconsin, 25-28 May 2004].

• B.B. Cipiti and G.L. Kulcinski, "Helium Implantation in Tungsten," February 2004 [High Average Power Laser Program Meeting, Georgia Institute of Technology, 5-6 February 2004, Atlanta GA].

• K. Tomiyasu, J.F. Santarius, G.L. Kulcinski, "Numerical Simulation for UW-IEC Device," October 2003 [presented at the 6th U.S.-Japan IEC Workshop, 20-21 October 2003, Tokyo, Japan].

• G.R. Piefer, "Helium Ion Source for D-3He Converged Core Operation," October 2003 [presented at the 6th U.S.-Japan IEC Workshop, 20-21 October 2003, Tokyo, Japan].   

• G. Kulcinski, J. Santarius, R. Ashley, H. Schmitt, D. Boris, B. Cipiti, G. Piefer, R. Radel, S. Krupakar Murali, K. Tomiyasu, A. Wehmeyer, J. Weidner, T. Uchytil, "Current Directions for the University of Wisconsin IEC Research Program," October 2003 [presented at the 6th U.S.-Japan IEC Workshop, 20-21 October 2003, Tokyo, Japan].   

• Ben Cipiti, "13N Production Via D-3He Fusion using a Water-Cooled IEC Cathode," October 2003 [presented at the 6th U.S.-Japan IEC Workshop, 20-21 October 2003, Tokyo, Japan].   

• R. P. Ashley and the UW IEC Team, "Experimental Progress in 2003 of the UW IEC Facility," October 2003 [presented at the 6th U.S.-Japan IEC Workshop, 20-21 October 2003, Tokyo, Japan].

• Ben Cipiti, G.L. Kulcinski, J.F. Santarius, R.P. Ashley, G.R. Piefer, S.K. Murali, R.F. Radel, A. Wehmeyer, D. Boris, T. Uchytil, "Effect of Helium and Deuterium Implantation on Tungsten Surfaces at T>1000 C," September 2003 [High Average Power Laser Program Meeting, University of Wisconsin, Madison WI, 24-25 September 2003].

• G.L. Kulcinski, "Status of Wisconsin Experiments to Simulate Helium Effects on W at High Temperature," April 2003 [High Average Power Laser Program Workshop, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque NM, 9-10 April 2003].

• J.W. Weidner, G.L. Kulcinski, J.F. Santarius, R.P. Ashley, G. Piefer, B. Cipiti, R. Radel, and S. Krupakar Murali, "Production of 13N via D-3He Fusion in an IEC Device," November 2002 [15th ANS Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy, 17-21 November 2002, Washington, DC].

• J.F. Santarius, R.P. Ashley, G.L. Kulcinski, B.B. Cipiti, S. Krupakar Murali, G.R. Piefer, R.F. Radel, J.W. Weidner, "Modeling D-D Operation of the UW IEC Experiment," October 2002 [Fifth U.S.-Japan Workshop on IEC Fusion, 9-10 October 2002, Madison WI].

• Ben Cipiti, G.L. Kulcinski, J.F. Santarius, R.P. Ashley, G.R. Piefer, S. Krupakar Murali, J.W. Weidner, R.F. Radel, "Embedded Fusion and Isotope   Production in the UW IEC Device," October 2002 [Fifth U.S.-Japan Workshop on IEC Fusion, 9-10 October 2002, Madison WI].

• G.L. Kulcinski, "Overview of the U.S. IEC Program," October 2002 [Fifth U.S.-Japan Workshop on IEC Fusion, 9-10 October 2002, Madison WI].

• John Weidner, G.L. Kulcinski, J.F. Santarius, R.P. Ashley, B.B. Cipiti, G.R. Piefer, R.F. Radel, S. Krupakar Murali, "Production of 13N Using D-3He Fusion Protons," October 2002 [Fifth U.S.-Japan Workshop on IEC Fusion, 9-10 October 2002, Madison WI].

• G.L. Kulcinski, "Using Lunar Helium-3 to Generate Nuclear Power Without the Production of Nuclear Waste," May 2001 [20th International Space Development Conference, Albuquerque NM, May 24-28, 2001].

• US-Japan IEC Workshop, March 22-23, 2001, Marshall Space Flight Center

• G.L. Kulcinski and J.F. Santarius, "New Opportunities for Fusion in the 21st Century - Advanced Fuels," [14th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy, October 15-19, 2000, Park City UT].

• G.L. Kulcinski, "Nuclear Energy Without Radioactive Waste," July 2000 [Second Annual Lunar Development Conference, ``Return to the Moon II'', 20-21 July 2000, Las Vegas NV].

• G.L. Kulcinski, R.P. Ashley, J.F. Santarius, G. Piefer, K.M. Subramanian, "The Development of Lunar 3He Resources: Near-Term Applications and Long-Term Prospects," July 2000 [4th International Conference on Exploration and Utilisation of the Moon, Noordwijk, The Netherlands, 10-15 July 2000].

• G.L. Kulcinski, "Realizing the Benefits of Fusion Energy in Our Lifetime," [Fusion Power Associates Annual Meeting, Washington DC, 18-19 October 1999].

• G.L. Kulcinski, "Non-Electrical Power, Near Term Applications of Fusion Energy," October 1999 [18th Symposium on Fusion Engineering, Albuquerque NM, 25-29 October 1999].

• G.L. Kulcinski and J.F. Santarius, "New Horizons for Fusion - Advanced Fuels for the 21st Century," November 1998 [APS Meeting, 19 November 1998, New Orleans LA].

Posters

• Spectroscopic Diagnosis of Plasma in the IEC, E.C. Alderson, May 2007 [presented at the Japan-U.S. IEC Workshop, May 2007, Argonne National Laboratory].

• Pulsed Neutron Production at the UW Advanced Fusion Fuels Facility, R.P. Ashley, May 2007 [presented at the Japan-U.S. IEC Workshop, May 2007, Argonne National Laboratory].

• usjapan/

  Comparison of Cylindrical and Spherical Geometry in a New Inertial Electrostatic Confinement Device, B.J. Egle [presented at the Japan-U.S. IEC Workshop, May 2007, Argonne National Laboratory].

• Vapor Deposition in IEC to Increase Neutron Production, P.E. Rusch, May 2007 [presented at the Japan-U.S. IEC Workshop, May 2007, Argonne National Laboratory].

• Ion Implantation Effects on Carbon-Carbon Velvet, S.J. Zenobia, May 2007 [presented at the Japan-U.S. IEC Workshop, May 2007, Argonne National Laboratory].

• Detection of Highly Enriched Uranium Using a Pulsed D-D Fusion Source; R.F. Radel, G.L. Kulcinski, R.P. Ashley, J.F. Santarius, G.A. Emmert, G.R. Piefer, D.R. Boris, B. Egle, C. Seyfert, S.J. Zenobia, E. Alderson, D.C. Donovan, November 2006

• A.L. Wehmeyer, R.F. Radel, G.R. Piefer, R.P. Ashley, T.E. Radel, D.R. Boris, J.F. Santarius, G.L. Kulcinski, "Optimizing Neutron Production Rates from D-D Fusion in an Inertial Electrostatic Confinement Device," September 2004 [presented at the 16th ANS Topical Meeting on Fusion Energy, 14-16 September 2004, Madison WI]. 

• G.R. Piefer, J.F. Santarius, R.P. Ashley, G.L. Kulcinski, "Design of an Ion Source for Low Pressure IEC Operation in 3He," September 2004 [presented at the 16th ANS Topical Meeting on Fusion Energy, 14-16 September 2004, Madison WI].

• R.F. Radel, G.L. Kulcinski, R.P. Ashley, G.R. Piefer, A.L. Wehmeyer, D.R. Boris, J.F. Santarius, and T.E. Radel, "Implantation of D+ and He+ in Candidate Fusion First Wall Materials," September 2004 [presented at the 16th ANS Topical Meeting on Fusion Energy, 14-16 September 2004, Madison WI].

• G.R. Piefer, K. Tomiyasu, J.F. Santarius, R.P. Ashley, G.A. Emmert, A.L. Wehmeyer, G.L. Kulcinski, "Helicon Ion Source and Core Physics Research for the UW IEC Device," May 2004 [Innovative Confinement Concepts Workshop, Madison, Wisconsin, 25-28 May 2004].

• R.P. Ashley, G.L. Kulcinski, J.F. Santarius, G. Piefer, S. Krupakar Murali, B.B. Cipiti, R.F. Radel, D. Boris, A. Wehmeyer, and J. Weidner, "Recent Progress and Applications Using Steady State D-D and D-3He Fusion," May 2004 [Innovative Confinement Concepts Workshop, Madison, Wisconsin, 25-28 May 2004].

• J.F. Santarius and G.L. Kulcinski, "D-3He Physics and Fusion Energy Prospects," May 2004 [Innovative Confinement Concepts Workshop, Madison, Wisconsin, 25-28 May 2004].

• J.F. Santarius, "D-3He Fusion: Physics, Engineering, and Applications," December 2003 [hallway poster].

• R.P. Ashley, G.L. Kulcinski, J.F. Santarius, Krupakar Murali Subramanian, G. Piefer, B.B. Cipiti, R.F. Radel and J. Weidner, "Progress Towards Proof of Principle Applications Using Steady State D-3He Fusion," November 2002 [15th ANS Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy, 17-21 November 2002, Washington, DC].

• B.B. Cipiti, "Medical Isotope Production Using D-3He Fusion in an Inertial Electrostatic Confinement Device," November 2002 [15th ANS Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy, 17-21 November 2002, Washington, DC].

• J.F. Santarius, "Modeling UW Gridded Inertial-Electrostatic Confinement Fusion Experiments," November 2002 [44th Annual Meeting of the APS Division of Plasma Physics, 11-15 November 2002, Orlando, FL].

PhD & MS Theses

• Detection of Highly Enriched Uranium and Tungsten Surface Damage Studies Using a Pulsed Inertial Electrostatic Confinement Fusion Device; Ross F. Radel, May 2007 [Ph.D. thesis], (UWFDM-1325)

• Performance of a Low-Pressure, Helicon Driven IEC 3He Fusion Device; Gregory R. Piefer, December 2006 [Ph.D. thesis] (See also UWFDM-1303)

• The Detection of Explosives Using an Inertial Electrostatic Confinement D-D Fusion Device, Alex L. Wehmeyer, May 2005 [Master's thesis], (See also UWFDM-1278)

• Diagnostic Study of Steady State Advanced Fuel (D-D and D-3He) Fusion in an IEC Device, K. Murali Subramanian, May 2004 [Ph.D. thesis], (see also UWFDM-1267).

• B.B. Cipiti, "The Fusion of Advanced Fuels to Produce Medical Isotopes Using Inertial Electrostatic Confinement," May 2004 [Ph.D. thesis], (see also UWFDM-1226)

• John W. Weidner, “The Production of 13N from Inertial Electrostatic Confinement Fusion,” June 2003 [M.S. thesis], (see also UWFDM-1210)

   

Helium-3: Fusion and Resource Papers

• J.F. Santarius, G.L. Kulcinski, and L.A. El-Guebaly, “A Passively Proliferation-Proof Fusion Power Plant,” Fusion Science and Technology, Vol. 44, p. 289 (2003).

• H.H. Schmitt, “Business Context of Space Tourism,” December 2002 [accepted by the Space Technology and Applications International Forum (STAIF-2003), 2-5 February 2003, Albuquerque NM], (see also UWFDM-1192).

• H.H. Schmitt, “Business Approach To Lunar Base Activation,” December 2002 [accepted by the Space Technology and Applications International Forum (STAIF-2003), 2-5 February 2003, Albuquerque NM], (see also UWFDM-1191).

• H.H. Schmitt, “Return to the Moon,” December 2002 [Accepted essay for a forthcoming book, Our Worlds 2, edited by Alan Stern], (see also UWFDM-1190).

• V.I. Khvesyuk, S.V. Ryzhkov, J.F. Santarius, G.A. Emmert, C.N. Nguyen, and L.C. Steinhauer, “D‑3He Field-Reversed Configuration Fusion Power Plants,” Transactions of Fusion Technology 39, 410 (2001).

• G.L. Kulcinski and J.F. Santarius, “New Opportunities for Fusion in the 21st Century-Advanced Fuels”, Fusion Technology, Vol. 39, p. 480 (2001).

• G.H. Miley, J.F. Santarius, and L.C. Steinhauer, “On Design and Development Issues for the FRC and Related Alternate Confinement Concepts,” Fusion Engineering and Design 48, 327 (2000).

• L.A. Taylor and G.L. Kulcinski, “Helium-3 on the Moon for Fusion Energy: the Persian Gulf of the 21st Century”, Solar System Research, Vol. 33, No. 5, 1999, pp. 338-345 and Astronomicheskii Vestnik, Vol. 33, No. 5, 1999, pp. 386-394 (see also UWFDM-1103).

• G.L. Kulcinski and J.F. Santarius, “Advanced Fuels Under Debate,” Nature, 396, 724-725 (24 December 1998).

• G.L. Kulcinski, “Non-Electric Applications of Fusion Energy – An Important Precursor to Commercial Electric Power,” Fusion Technology, 34, 477 (1998).

• K.R. Harris-Kuhlman and G.L. Kulcinski, “Terrestrial Analogs for Lunar Ilmenite,” p. 533 in SPACE-98, Proc. 6^th International Conf. on Engineering, Construction, and Operations in Space, Eds., R. G. Galloway and S. Lokaj, Am. Soc. Civil Engr. (1998).  Reviewed book.

• J.F. Santarius, G.L. Kulcinski, L.A. El-Guebaly, H.Y. Khater, “Could Advanced Fusion Fuels be used with Today’s Technology?,” J. of Fusion Energy, 17(1), 33 (Jan 1998).

• J.F. Santarius and B.G. Logan, “Generic Magnetic Fusion Rocket Model,” Journal of Propulsion and Power 14, 519 (1998).

• J.F. Santarius, “Advanced-Fuel Heat Flux, Power Density, and Direct Conversion Issues,” Transactions of Fusion Technology 27, 567 (1995).

• J. Sved, G.L. Kulcinski, and G.H. Miley, “A Commercial Lunar ³He Power Infrastructure,” British Interplanetary Soc. 48, 55 (1995).

• G.A. Emmert, L.A. El-Guebaly, G.L. Kulcinski, J.F. Santarius, I.N. Sviatoslavsky, and D.M. Meade, “Improvement in Fusion Reactor Performance Due to Ion Channeling,” Journal of Fusion Technology 26, 1158 (1994).

• K.R. Harris, H.Y. Khater, G.L. Kulcinski, “Remote Sensing of Astrofuel,” Engineering, Construction and Operations in Space-IV, Vol. 1, p. 648, Amer. Soc. Civil Engrs., NY (1994). Reviewed book.

• S.G. Bespoludennov, V.I. Khripunov, V.I. Pistunovich, G.A. Emmert, J.F. Santarius, G.L. Kulcinski, “D-3He Tokamak - Reactor,” Fourteenth International Conference on Plasma Physics and Controlled Nuclear Fusion Research, 30 September - 7 October 1992, Würzburg, Germany (IAEA, Vienna, 1993), Peer-reviewed conference.

• E. Teller, A.J. Glass, T.K. Fowler, A. Hasegawa, and J.F. Santarius, “Space Propulsion by Fusion in a Magnetic Dipole,” Fusion Technology, 22, 82 (1992).

• R.F. Post and J.F. Santarius, “Open Confinement Systems and the D-3He Reaction,” Fusion Technology, 22, 13 (1992).

• H. Attaya, M.E. Sawan, and G.L. Kulcinski, “Waste Disposal of Candidate Structural Materials in Fusion Reactors Utilizing Different Fuel Cycles,” Fusion Technology, 21, 115 (1992).

• J.F. Santarius, “Magnetic Fusion for Space Propulsion,” Fusion Technology, 21, 1794 (1992).

• G.L. Kulcinski and H.H. Schmitt, “Fusion Power from Lunar Resources,” Fusion Technology, 21, 2221 (1992).

• L.J. Wittenberg, E.N. Cameron, G.L. Kulcinski, S.H. Ott, J.F. Santarius, G.I. Sviatoslavsky, I.N. Sviatoslavsky, and H.E. Thompson, ”A Review of Helium-3 Resources and Acquisition for Use as Fusion Fuel,” Fusion Technology, 21, 2230 (1992).

• G.L. Kulcinski, J.P. Blanchard, L.A. El-Guebaly, G.A. Emmert, H. Khater, C.W. Maynard, E.A. Mogahed, J.F. Santarius, M.E. Sawan, I.N. Sviatoslavsky, and L.J. Wittenberg, “Summary of Apollo, A D-³He Tokamak Reactor Design,” Fusion Technology, 21, 2292 (1992).

• G.L. Kulcinski, J.P. Blanchard, G.A. Emmert, L.A. El-Guebaly, H. Khater, C.W. Maynard, E.A. Mogahed, J.F. Santarius, M.E. Sawan, I.N. Sviatoslavsky, and L.J. Wittenberg, “Safety and Environmental Characteristics of Recent D-³He and DT Tokamak Power Reactors,” Fusion Technology, 21, 1779 (1992).

• H.H. Schmitt, G.L. Kulcinski, and I.N. Sviatoslavsky, “Spiral Mining for Lunar Volatiles,” SPACE '92, Proc. of the Third International Conference on Engineering, Construction and Operations in Space III, Denver, CO, edited by Willy Z. Sadeh, Stein Sture and Russell J. Miller, ASCE, Vol. I, p. 1162 (1992).  Reviewed book.

• G.L. Kulcinski, E.N. Cameron, W.D. Carrier III, and H.H. Schmitt, “Environmental Aspects of Lunar Helium-3 Mining,” SPACE '92, Proc. of the Third International Conference on Engineering, Construction and Operations in Space III, Denver, CO, edited by Willy Z. Sadeh, Stein Sture and Russell J. Miller, ASCE, Vol. I, p. 606 (1992). Reviewed book.

• G.L. Kulcinski, G.A. Emmert, J.P. Blanchard, L.A. El-Guebaly, H.Y. Khater, C.W. Maynard, E.A. Mogahed, J.F. Santarius, M.E. Sawan, I.N. Sviatoslavsky, and L.J. Wittenberg, “Overview of Apollo Advanced Fuel Tokamak,” Fusion Technology, 19, 791 (1991).

• W. Kernbichler, M. Heindler, H. Momota, Y. Tomita, A. Ishida, S. Ohi, K. Sato, G.H. Miley, H.L. Berk, W. Dove, M.-Y. Hsiao, R. Lovelace, E. Morse, J.F. Santarius, L.C. Steinhauer, M. Tuszewski, and D. Barnes, “D‑3He in Field Reversed Configurations—Ruby: an International Reactor Study,” Plasma Physics and Controlled Nuclear Fusion Research 1990, Vol. 3, p. 555 (IAEA, Vienna, 1991).

• G.A. Emmert, L.A. El-Guebaly, G.L. Kulcinski, J.F. Santarius, J.E. Scharer, I.N. Sviatoslavsky, P.L. Walstrom, L.J. Wittenberg, and R. Klingelhöfer, “Possibilities for Breakeven and Ignition of D-3He Fusion Fuel in a Near Term Tokamak,” Nuclear Fusion, 29, 1427 (1989).

• G.L. Kulcinski, “Lessons Learned from Recent DHe3 Tokamak Power Reactor Studies,” Journal of Fusion Energy, 10(4), 351-355 (1991).

• G.L. Kulcinski, G.A. Emmert, L.A. El-Guebaly, H.Y. Khater, J.F. Santarius, M.E. Sawan, I.N. Sviatoslavsky, W.F. Vogelsang, and L.J. Wittenberg, “Apollo - An Advanced Fuel Fusion Power Reactor for the 21^st Century,” Fusion Technology, 15/2/2A, 1233 (March 1989).

• J.F. Santarius, G.L. Kulcinski, L. El-Guebaly, G.A. Emmert, Z. Musicki, M.E. Sawan,  I.N. Sviatoslavsky, W.F. Vogelsang, P.L. Walstrom, and L.J. Wittenberg, “Critical Issues for SOAR: The Space Orbiting Advanced Fusion Power Reactor,” Space Nuclear Power Systems, Vol. 8, p. 161, eds., M. El-Genk and M.D. Hoover, Orbit Publishing Co., Malabar, FL, 1989. Reviewed book.

• G.L. Kulcinski, I.N. Sviatoslavsky, J.F. Santarius, L.J. Wittenberg, E.N. Cameron, T.M. Crabb, and M.K. Jacobs, “Energy Requiremets for Helium-3 Mining Operations on the Moon,” Space Nuclear Power Systems, Vol. 8, p. 77, eds., M. El-Genk and M.D. Hoover, Orbit Publishing Co., Malabar, FL, 1989.

• J.F. Santarius, “Lunar ³He, Fusion Propulsion, and Space Development,” Proceedings of the Second Conference on Lunar Bases and Space Activities of the 21st Century (Houston, Texas, 5-7 Apr. 1988), NASA Conference Publication 3166, Vol. 2, p. 75 (1992).

• G.L. Kulcinski, E.N. Cameron, J.F. Santarius, I.N. Sviatoslavsky, L.J. Wittenberg, and H.H. Schmitt, “Fusion Energy from the Moon for the Twenty-First Century,” Proceedings of the Second Conference on Lunar Bases and Space Activities of the 21st Century (Houston, Texas, 5-7 Apr. 1988), NASA Conference Publication 3166, Vol. 1, p. 459 (1992).

• R.J. Bula, L.J. Wittenberg, T.W. Tibbitts, and G.L. Kulcinski, “Potential of Derived Lunar Volatiles for Life Support,” Proceedings of the Second Conference on Lunar Bases and Space Activities of the 21st Century (Houston, Texas, 5-7 Apr. 1988), NASA Conference Publication 3166, Vol. 2, p. 547 (1992).

• J.F. Santarius, G.L. Kulcinski, H.M. Attaya, M.L. Corradini, L.A. El-Guebaly, G.A. Emmert, J.W. Johnson, C.W. Maynard, M.E. Sawan, I.N. Sviatoslavsky, W.F. Vogelsang, P.L. Walstrom, L.J. Wittenberg, and T.E. Luzzi, “SOAR: Space Orbiting Advanced Fusion Power Reactor,” Space Nuclear Power Systems 1987, p. 167 (Orbit, Malabar, FL, 1988).

• J.F. Santarius, “Very High Efficiency Fusion Reactor Concept,” Nuclear Fusion, 27, 167 (1987).

• H. Attaya and G.L. Kulcinski, “Waste Disposal Classifications for Fusion Candidate Materials in DT and D-He3 Reactors,” Trans. ANS, p. 135 (1987).

• L.J. Wittenberg, J.F. Santarius and G.L. Kulcinski, “Lunar Source of ³He for Commercial Fusion Power,” Fusion Technology, 10 (1986).

Helium-3 Fusion and Resource Papers: Not Refereed [original UWFDM and WCSAR references included when appropriate]

• H.H. Schmitt, “A Lunar Field Geologist's Perspective 30 Years Later: Shocking Revelations About the Moon, Mars and Earth,” [2002 G.K. Gilbert Lecture, Annual Meeting and Exposition of the Geological Society of America, Planetary Geology Division, 27-30 October 2002, Denver CO (see also UWFDM-1189)].

• H.H. Schmitt, “Source and Implications of Large Lunar Basin-Forming Objects,” [Presented at the 31st Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Houston TX, 13-17 March 2000 (see also UWFDM-1121)].

• H.H. Schmitt, “Contrary Views of the Origin and Thermal Evolution of the Moon,” [Presented at the 31st Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Houston TX, 13-17 March 2000 (see also UWFDM-1122)].

• H.H. Schmitt, G.L. Kulcinski, J.F. Santarius, J. Ding, M.J. Malecki, M.J. Zalewski, “Solar-Wind Hydrogen at the Lunar Poles,” [Presented at SPACE 2000, The Seventh International Conference and Exposition on Engineering, Construction, Operations, and Business in Space, Albuquerque NM, 27 February - 2 March 2000; published in the Proceedings, pp. 653-660], February 2000, (see also UWFDM-1120).

• J.F. Santarius, “Field-Reversed Configurations for Space Propulsion,” 31st AIAA Plasmadynamics and Lasers Conference paper AIAA 2000-2269, (Denver, Colorado, 2000), (see also UWFDM-1130).

• J.F. Santarius and Y.C.F. Thio, “Fusion Propulsion: Attractiveness and Issues,” 31st AIAA Plasmadynamics and Lasers Conference paper AIAA 2000-2265 (Denver, Colorado, 2000).

• G.L. Kulcinski and H.H. Schmitt, “Nuclear Power Without Radioactive Waste – The Promise of Lunar Helium,” [p. 271 in Return to the Moon II Conference, Space Front Press, Las Vegas, NV, July 20-21, 2000], (see also UWFDM-1131).

• M.J. Malecki, “Investigation of Lunar Pickup-Ion Dynamics,” October 1999 (see also UWFDM-1110).

• G. L. Kulcinski, “Non-Electrical Power, Near Term Applications of Fusion Energy,” p. 5 in 19^th Symposium on Fusion Engineering, Albuquerque, NM, 99CH37050, 0-7803-5829, October 25-29, 1999.

• L. J. Wittenberg, I. N. Sviatoslavsky, G. L. Kulcinski, E. A. Mogahed, "A Study of an Unmanned Mission for the Assay of Volatile Gases from the Soil", Proceedings of the Conference on New Views of the Moon II, Flagstaff, AZ, September 22-24, 1999.

• Scott W. White, “Net Energy Payback and CO2 Emissions from Helium-3 Fusion and Wind Electrical Power Plants,” (Ph.D. thesis), December 1998, (see also UWFDM-1093).

• Kimberly R. Harris-Kuhlman, “Trapping and Diffusion of Helium in Lunar Materials,” (Ph.D. thesis), December 1998, (see also UWFDM-1095).

• S. White and G.L. Kulcinski,   “Energy Payback Ratios and Lifetime CO₂ Emission Levels for DT and D³He Fusion Power Plants,” 9^th International Conference on Emerging Nuclear Energy Systems, Tel-Aviv, Israel, June 28-July 2, 1998, published by Dan Kassum Ltd., Ramat-Gan, Israel, p. 320 (see also UWFDM-1091).

• J.F. Santarius, G.A. Emmert, H.Y. Khater, E.A. Mogahed, and J. Brandenburg, “Synchrotron Radiation Fusion Drive for Space Propulsion,” 33rd AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference paper AIAA 97-3075, (Seattle, Washington, 1997), (see also UWFDM-1048).

• G. L. Kulcinski, “Lunar Resources: Ensuring the Earth's Energy Future and Supplying the Space Frontier,” Keynote Speech, Second International Lunar Workshop, Kyoto, Japan, Oct. 1996.

• G. L. Kulcinski, “In-situ Resource Recovery on the Moon,” NASA/JPL Space Resource Development Workshop, Sept. 1996.

• S.W. White, “A Current Bibliography of Helium-3 Research,” January 1996 (see also UWFDM-1003).

• G. L. Kulcinski, I.N. Sviatoslavsky, L.J. Wittenberg, “Impact of Lunar Volatiles Produced During 3He Mining Activities,” 34^th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting, Reno, NV, 15-18 January 1996, AIAA-96-0490 (see also UWFDM-1001).

• B. Bartos, N. Duffie, I. Sviatoslavsky, L. Wittenberg, and G. Kulcinski, “Precursor to Lunar Resource Commercialization: Preliminary Design of a Robotic Roving Vehicle Payload to Survey Regolith Volatile Gas Concentrations,” Conference on NASA Centers for Commercial Development of Space, Albuquerque, NM, AIP Conference Proceedings 325, p. 271, 1995.

• H.H. Schmitt, M.D. Griffin, G.L. Kulcinski, et al., “INTERLUNE-One A Scientific Mission Across the Surface of the Moon,” [Proposal to the NASA Discovery Program, October 1994, UW-Madison].

• K.R. Harris, H.Y. Khater and G.L. Kulcinski, “Remote Sensing of Astrofuel,” Proceedings of the Second Wisconsin Symposium on Helium-3 and Fusion Power, Madison, WI, p. 65, July 1993; and Engineering, Construction and Operations in Space-IV, Vol. 1, p. 648, Amer. Soc. Civil Engrs, NY (1994), (see also WCSAR TR-AR3-9311-1).

• L.J. Wittenberg, “Non-Lunar 3He Resources,” Revised July 1994 [presented at the Second Wisconsin Symposium on Helium-3 and Fusion Power, 19-21 July 1993, Madison WI; addendum added July 1994], (see also UWFDM-967).

• L.J. Wittenberg, “The Early Sun: Precursor to Helium and Neon Isotopes in the Earth,” [oral presentation at the Eighth International Conference on Geochronology and Isotope Geology, June 5-11, 1994, Berkeley CA], (see also UWFDM-961).

• L.J. Wittenberg, “In-Situ Extraction of Lunar Soil Volatiles,” November 1993 [Prepared for Space 94, The 4th International Conference and Exposition on Engineering, Construction and Operations in Space, and The Conference and Exposition/Demonstration on Robotics for Challenging Environments, February 26 - March 3, 1994, Albuquerque NM]. (see also WCSAR-TR-AR3-9311-3).

• I.N. Sviatoslavsky, “The Challenge of Mining He-3 on the Lunar Surface: How All the Parts Fit Together,” November 1993 [Prepared for Space 94, The 4th International Conference and Exposition on Engineering, Construction and Operations in Space, and The Conference and Exposition/Demonstration on Robotics for Challenging Environments, February 26 - March 3, 1994, Albuquerque NM], (see also WCSAR-TR-AR3-9311-2).

• N. Duffie, G. Kulcinski, I. Sviatoslavsky, B. Bartos, S. Rutledge, L. Wittenberg, T. Ylikorpi, E. Mogahed, “Study of an Unmanned Lunar Mission for Volatile Gas Recovery (Phase 1 - Final Report),” September 1993, (see also WCSAR-TR-AR3-9309-1).

• J.C. Crabb, S.W. White, L.P. Wainwright, S.E. Kratz, G.L. Kulcinski, “Fifty Years of Research in Helium-3 Fusion and Helium-3 Resources,” December 1993, (see also UWFDM-935).

• G.L. Kulcinski, “History of Research on 3He Fusion,” Proceedings of the Second Wisconsin Symposium on Helium-3 and Fusion Power, Madison, WI, p. 9, July 1993, (see also WCSAR-TR-AR3-9307-3).

• J.F. Santarius, “Magnetic Fusion Propulsion: Opening the Solar-System Frontier,” Proceedings of the Second Wisconsin Symposium on Helium-3 and Fusion Power, Wisconsin Center for Space Automation and Robotics Report, p. 137 (July, 1993), (see also WCSAR-TR-AR3-9307-3).

• C.G. Bathke, K.A. Werley, R.L. Miller, R.A. Krakowski, and J.F. Santarius, “Parametric Analysis of the ARIES-III D-3He Tokamak Reactor,” Proceedings of the Second Wisconsin Symposium on Helium-3 and Fusion Power, Wisconsin Center for Space Automation and Robotics Report, p. 321 (July, 1993), (see also WCSAR-TR-AR3-9307-3).

• G.A. Emmert, J.F. Santarius, and J.P. Castro, “The Physics of Apollo: a D-3He, First-Stability, Tokamak Reactor,” Proceedings of the Second Wisconsin Symposium on Helium-3 and Fusion Power, Wisconsin Center for Space Automation and Robotics Report, p. 329 (July, 1993), (see also WCSAR-TR-AR3-9307-3).

• H.H. Schmitt and G.L. Kulcinski, “He-3, the Space Connection,” [presented at the 9^th National Space Symposium, Colorado Springs, CO, April 1993 (also WCSAR-TR-AR3-9304-2)] .

• G.L. Kulcinski, “Helium-3 Fusion Reactors - A Clean and Safe Source of Energy in the 21^st Century,” [presented at the 9^th National Space Symposium, Colorado Springs, CO, April 1993], (see also WCSAR-TR-AR3-9304-1).

• J.F. Santarius, “Magnetic Fusion for Space Propulsion: Capabilities and Issues,” Proceedings of the American Nuclear Society Topical Meeting on Nuclear Technologies for Space Exploration (Jackson, Wyoming, 16-19 Aug. 1992).

• C.G. Bathke, K.A. Werley, R.L. Miller, R.A. Krakowski, and J.F. Santarius, “The ARIES-III D-³He Tokamak Reactor: Design-Point Determination and Parametric Studies,” Proceedings of the 14^th IEEE Symposium on Fusion Engineering, p. 219 (IEEE, New York, 1992).

• F. Najmabadi, R.W. Conn, et al., “The ARIES-III D-³He Tokamak-Reactor Study,” Proceedings of the 14^th IEEE Symposium on Fusion Engineering, p. 213 (IEEE, New York, 1992).

• G.L. Kulcinski, E.N. Cameron, S.H. Ott, H.H. Schmitt, I.N. Sviatoslavsky, H.E. Thompson, and L.J. Wittenberg, “Astrofuel - Clean, Safe Energy Supply for the Earth in the 21^st Century,” World Space Congress, 1992.

• H.H. Schmitt, “INTERLUNE Concept for Helium-3 Lunar Development,” March 1992 [prepared for Space 92, The Third International Conference on Engineering, Construction, and Operations in Space, 31 May-4 June 1992, Denver CO], (see also WCSAR-TR-AR3-9203-2).

• W.R. Wilkes and L.J. Wittenberg, “Isotopic Separation of 3He/4He from Solar Wind Gases Evolved from the Lunar Regolith,” January 1992 [prepared for Space 92, The Third International Conference on Engineering, Construction, and Operations in Space, 31 May-4 June 1992, Denver CO], (see also WCSAR-TR-AR3-9201-4).

• I.N. Sviatoslavsky, “Lunar He-3 Mining: Improvements on the Design of the UW Mark II Lunar Miner,” January 1992 [prepared for Space 92, The Third International Conference on Engineering, Construction, and Operations in Space, 31 May-4 June 1992, Denver CO], (see also WCSAR-TR-AR3-9201-2).

• L.J. Wittenberg, “In-situ Release of Solar Wind Gases from the Lunar Soil,” January 1992 [prepared for Space 92, The Third International Conference on Engineering, Construction, and Operations in Space, 31 May-4 June 1992, Denver CO], (see also WCSAR-TR-AR3-9201-1).

• G.L. Kulcinski, “Reduced Activation Stainless Steels for Fusion Reactors,” USSR-US Workshop on D-³He Based Reactor Studies, Moscow, 25 September - 2 October 1991, June 1993, (see also UWFDM-895).

• G.L. Kulcinski, “A Resource Assessment and Extraction of 3He from the Lunar Surface,” USSR-US Workshop on D-³He Based Reactor Studies, Moscow, 25 September - 2 October 1991, June 1993, (see also UWFDM-879).

• G.L. Kulcinski, J.P. Blanchard, G.A. Emmert, L.A. El-Guebaly, H.Y. Khater, C.W. Maynard, E.A. Mogahed, J.F. Santarius, M.E. Sawan, I.N. Sviatoslavsky, L.J. Wittenberg, “The Case for D ³He Fusion Power Plants,” USSR-US Workshop on D-³He Based Reactor Studies, Moscow, 25 September - 2 October 1991.

• G.A. Emmert, G.L. Kulcinski, J.P. Blanchard, L.A. El-Guebaly, H.Y. Khater, C.W. Maynard, E.A. Mogahed, J.F. Santarius, M.E. Sawan, I.N. Sviatoslavsky, L.J. Wittenberg, “An Improved First Stability Advanced Fuel Tokamak, Apollo-L3,” 14^th IEEE/NPSS Symposium on Fusion  Engineering, 30 September - 3 October 1991, San Diego, CA, IEEE Cat. No. 91CH3035-3, Vol. 2, p. 1106, (1991), (see also UWFDM-867).

• J.F. Santarius and the ARIES Team, “The ARIES-III D-³He Tokamak Reactor Study,” Proceedings of the Workshop on D-³He Based Reactor Studies, p. 1A3-1 (Moscow, Russia, 25 Sept. – 2 Oct. 1991), University of Wisconsin Fusion Technology Institute Report, (June, 1993), (see also UWFDM-916).

• J.F. Santarius, “Rectennas for Synchrotron Radiation Energy Conversion in D-³He Tokamaks,” Proceedings of the Workshop on D-³He Based Reactor Studies, p. 2A2-1 (Moscow, Russia, 25 Sept. – 2 Oct. 1991), University of Wisconsin Fusion Technology Institute Report, (June, 1993), (see also UWFDM-916).

• J.F. Santarius, “D-³He Magnetic Fusion for Space Propulsion,” Proceedings of the Workshop on D-³He Based Reactor Studies, p. 2C5-1 (Moscow, Russia, 25 Sept. – 2 Oct. 1991) University of Wisconsin Fusion Technology Institute Report, (June, 1993), (see also UWFDM-916).

• E.N. Cameron, G.L. Kulcinski, J.F. Santarius, I.N. Sviatoslavsky, and L.J. Wittenberg, “Astrofuel from the Moon—We’re Getting Closer,” Wisconsin Professional Engineer 32, #6, 8 (1991).

• G.L. Kulcinski and H.H. Schmitt, “Fusion Power From Lunar Resources,” Paper IAA-90-606, 41^st Congress of the International Astronautical Federation, Oct. 6, 1990, Dresden, GDR, (see also WCSAR-TR-AR3-9107-2).

• E.N. Cameron and G.L. Kulcinski, “Helium From the Moon - An Alternative Source of Energy,” Int. Conf. on the Environmental Issues and Management of Waste in Energy and Minerals Production, Columbia Univ., NY, Aug. 27, 1990.

• G.L. Kulcinski, H.H. Schmitt, E.N. Cameron, I.N. Sviatoslavsky, “Mining Helium‑3 from the Moon - A Solution to the Earth's Energy Needs in the 21^st Century,” presented at the 1990 SME Annual Meeting, 26 February - 1 March 1990, Salt Lake City, UT, and Chapter 25 in Proceedings, p. 217, (see also UWFDM-817).

• N.R. Schulze, G.H. Miley, and J.F. Santarius, “Space Fusion Energy Conversion Using a Field Reversed Configuration Reactor,” Proceedings of the Penn State Space Transportation Propulsion Technology Symposium, p. 453, NASA Conference Publication 3112, Vol. 2 (1990).

• E.N. Cameron, “Geology of Mare Tranquillitatis and Its Significance for the Mining of Helium,” June 1990, (see also WCSAR-TR-AR3-9006-1).

• E.N. Cameron, W.D. Carrier III, G.L. Kulcinski, H.H. Schmitt, “Net Environmental Aspects of Helium-3 Mining - Phase I: Effect on the Moon,” October 1989 (revised December 1990), (see also WCSAR-TR-AR3-9012-1).

• G.L. Kulcinski and E.N. Cameron, “The Importance of Lunar Energy Resources for the 21^st Century,” Space Mining and Manufacturing Symposium, Univ. of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, Oct. 1989, Report AIS-89, p. VIII-6.

• L.J. Wittenberg, “Pellet Fueling of Helium-3 Enclosed in Li and Be Shells,” 13^th Symposium on Fusion Engineering, Knoxville, TN, 2-6 October 1989, IEEE-89CH2820-9, Vol. 2, p. 1252, (see also UWFDM-814).

• J.F. Santarius, J.P. Blanchard, G.A. Emmert, I.N. Sviatoslavsky, L.J. Wittenberg, N.M. Ghoniem, M.Z. Hasan, T.K. Mau, E. Greenspan, J.S. Herring, W. Kernbichler, A.C. Klein, G.H. Miley, R.L. Miller, Y-K.M. Peng, M.J. Schaffer, D. Steiner, D-K. Sze, and the ARIES Team, “Energy Conversion Options for ARIES-III—a Conceptual D-³He Tokamak Reactor,” 13^th Symposium on Fusion Engineering, Knoxville, TN, 2-6 October 1989, IEEE-89CH2820-9, Vol. 2, p. 1039 (see also UWFDM-815).

• G.A. Emmert and J.F. Santarius, “Physics Issues for the Apollo Advanced Fuel Tokamak,” 13^th Symposium on Fusion Engineering, Knoxville, TN, 2-6 October 1989, IEEE-89CH2820-9, Vol. 1, p. 655 (see also UWFDM-812).

• J.F. Santarius, “Magnetic Fusion Energy and Space Development,” 24^th Intersociety Engineering Conference on Energy Conversion, Vol. 5, p. 2525, (IEEE, New York, 1989), (see also UWFDM-795).

• J.F. Santarius and G.L. Kulcinski, “Astrofuel—an Energy Source for the 21^st Century,” Wisconsin Professional Engineer 30, #6, 14 (1989), (see also UWFDM-794).

• G.A. Emmert, G.L. Kulcinski, J.P. Blanchard, L.A. El-Guebaly, H.Y. Khater, J.F. Santarius, M.E. Sawan, I.N. Sviatoslavsky, L.J. Wittenberg, R.J. Witt, “Apollo-L2, An Advanced Fuel Tokamak Reactor Utilizing Direct Conversion,” 13^th Symposium on Fusion Engineering, Knoxville, TN, 2-6 October 1989, IEEE-89CH2820-9, Vol. 2, p. 1043 (see also UWFDM-810).

• G.A. Emmert, L.A. El-Guebaly, R. Klingelhöfer, G.L. Kulcinski, J.F. Santarius, J.E. Scharer, I.N. Sviatoslavsky, P.L. Walstrom, and L.J. Wittenberg, “Breakeven and Ignition Conditions for D 3He Fusion,” in Emerging Nuclear Energy Systems 1989, ed. U. von Möllendorff and B. Goel, World Scientific Publ., Singapore, p. 188, (1989).

• L.J. Wittenberg, G.L. Kulcinski, and W.R. Wilkes, “Transition to Environmentally Acceptable Fuels in the 21^st Century,” in Emerging Nuclear Energy Systems 1989, ed. U. von Möllendorff and B. Goel, World Scientific Publ., Singapore, p. 183, (1989), (see also UWFDM-797).

• R.B. Bilder, E.N. Cameron, G.L. Kulcinski, H.H. Schmitt, “Legal Regimes for the Mining of Helium-3 from the Moon,” February 1989 (revised July 1989), (see also WCSAR-TR-AR3-8901-1).

• T.M. Crabb and M.K. Jacobs, “Resource Modeling for Design Optimization: Lunar Base Mobile Miner,” October 1988 [presented at 2nd Lunar Base Conference, April 1988, Houston TX], (see also WCSAR-TR-AR3-8810-5).

• T.M. Crabb and M.K. Jacobs, “Synergism of He-3 Acquisition with Lunar Base Evolution,” October 1988 [presented at 2nd Lunar Base Conference, April 1988, Houston TX], (see also WCSAR-TR-AR3-8810-4).

• E.N. Cameron, “Helium Mining on the Moon: Site Selection and Evaluation,” October 1988 [presented at 2nd Lunar Base Conference, April 1988, Houston TX], (see also WCSAR-TR-AR3-8810-6).

• L.J. Wittenberg, “Terrestrial Sources of Helium-3 Fusion Fuel - A Trip to the Center of the Earth,” October 1988, Salt Lake City UT (revised November 1988) Proceedings of the 8th Topical Meeting on the Technology of Fusion Energy, Fusion Technology, March 1989, Vol. 15 No. 2, Part 2B, ISSN: 0748-1896, p.1108, (see also UWFDM-769).

• Y.T. Li and L.J. Wittenberg, “Lunar Surface Mining for Automated Acquisition of Helium 3: Methods, Processes, and Equipment,” September 1988, (see also WCSAR-TR-AR3-8809-2).

• I.N. Sviatoslavsky and M. Jacobs, “Mobile Helium-3 Mining and Extraction System and Its Benefits Toward Lunar Base Self-Sufficiency,” August 1988, (see alsoWCSAR-TR-AR3-8808-1).

• E.N. Cameron, “Dark-Mantle Material as a Source of Helium,” January 1988, (see also WCSAR-TR-AR3-8810-3).

• L.J. Wittenberg, “Helium-3 Fueling Concepts for Magnetically Confined Fusion,” 12th Symp. Fusion Engineering, Monterey, CA, IEEE 87CH2507-2, p. 787, (1987), (see also UWFDM-742).

• J.F. Santarius, H. Attaya, M.L. Corradini, L. El-Guebaly, G.A. Emmert, G.L. Kulcinski, E.M. Larsen, C.W. Maynard, Z. Musicki, M.E. Sawan, I.N. Sviatoslavsky, W.F. Vogelsang, P.L. Walstrom, and L.J. Wittenberg, “RA: A High Efficiency D/He-3 Tandem Mirror Fusion Reactor,” 12th Symp. Fusion Engineering, Monterey, CA, IEEE 87CH2507-2, p. 752, (1987), (see also UWFDM-741).

• G.L. Kulcinski, G.A. Emmert, H. Attaya, J.F. Santarius, M.E. Sawan, I.N. Sviatoslavsky, and L.J. Wittenberg, ”Commercial Potential of D-He3 Fusion Reactors,” 12th Symp. Fusion Engineering, Monterey, CA, IEEE 87CH2507-2, p. 772 (1987).

• T.M. Crabb and M. Jacobs, “Survey of Past Lunar Bases,” May 1987, (see also WCSAR-TR-AR3-8705).

• T.M. Crabb and M. Jacobs, “Preliminary Lunar Base Scenario Design,” July 1987, (see also WCSAR-TR-AR3-8707).

• G.L. Kulcinski and H.H. Schmitt, “The Moon: An Abundant Source of Clean and Safe Fusion Fuel for the 21^st Century,” published in the 11^th Int. Forum on Fueling the 21^st Century, Moscow, USSR, 1987 (see also UWFDM-730).

• G.L. Kulcinski, J.F. Santarius, H. Attaya, M.L. Corradini, L.A. El-Guebaly, G.A. Emmert, J.W. Johnson, T.E. Luzzi (Grumman Aerospace Corporation), C.W. Maynard, M.E. Sawan, I.N. Sviatoslavsky, W.F. Vogelsang, P.L. Walstrom, and L.J. Wittenberg, “SOAR: Space Orbiting Advanced Fusion Power Reactor," Progress Report for Air Force Contract F33615-86-C-2705, October 1, 1986 to January 31, 1987," January 1987, (see also UWFDM-722).

• G.L. Kulcinski, J.F. Santarius, L.J. Wittenberg, “Clean Thermonuclear Power from the Moon,” September 1986 [Presented at the 1st Lunar Development Symposium, Atlantic City NJ, 22-24 September 1986, (see also UWFDM-709)].

 

 

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File last updated: 10 December 2014 by Richard Bonomo

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